The Internal components of a cisco Router and Switch

The Internal components of a cisco Router and Switch Unless you happen to ve rally savvy about the inner and oute workings of all your car's systems and its machinery and how all of that technology works togthers, you'll take it to someone who does know how to keep it maintained, out what's wrong when it stpis running, and get it up and running again. It's the samne deal with cisco nerworking device you need to know all about their major compinents,pieces, and parts as well as what they all do and why and how they all work together to make a network work. The more solid your knowlwdge, the more expert you are about these thigs and the better equipped you'll be to configure and troubleshoot a cisco internerwork, Toward that goal, study for and introductory description of a cisco routers major components. The Roter and switch Boot sequence when a cisco device boots up, it performs a series of steps, called th boot sequence, to test the hardware and load the necessary software. The boot sequence comprices the following steps: 1. The IOS device performs a POST, which tests the hardware to verify that all components of the device are present and operational. The post takes stock of the different interfaces on the switch or router, nand it's stored in and runs from read-only memory ROM. The bootstrap in ROM then locates and loass the cisco IOS software by excuting programs responsible for fiunging where each IOS program is located, Once the are found, it then loads the proper filoes. By default, the IOS software is loaded from fash memory in all cisco devices. 2.The IOS software then looks for a valid configuration file stored in NVRAM . This file is called srarup-config and will be present only if and sdministrator has copied the running-config file into NVRM. If a starup-config file is found in NVRAM , the router or switch will copy it, place it in RAM, and name the file the running-config. The device eill use this file to run, and the router/switch ahoukd now be operational. If no startup-config file is found in NVRM, the router/ switch should now be operational. If no starup-config file is found in NVRM, the router/switch reacts by broadcasting out any interface that detects carrier detect to locate a TFTP host in its search for a configuration. When that fails, which it typically does, the device eill begin the setup mide configuration process. Most people don't even ralize th device has attempted this process!

Networking Fundamental working

What is this page Local Area Network How To Us The Switch Division Us, Whatever the ingredients needed First of all requires a devil of switch and how many more Now how many computers are you Remember how many computers should be used. Usually you can combine 24 computers in the Device of Switch Fewer computers There is also a dew of such that can be accompanied by the lowest level so that the computers needed to suit your use. If we are now using a 24 port switch Device for use. If we are now using a 24 port switch device for example A switch has 24 ports, and we can create the necessary groups in all 24 ports. That is, we can create departments If there are three departments, one department is the IT department, another department is the sales department , and another department  is the production  department . so , we need communication between these three department. We have create three departments. Within these three departments, we can connect a total of 24 computers. I have divided these 24 computers into three departments: IT Department production Department , and Quality department . If there are 24 ports in a department, I have divided the 24 ports into department . Now, communication should not occur between computers of different departments. This is what we call VLAN. To create a VLAN , we go into the switch configuration. Whithin the switch device, we also need to create a VLAN name and a VLAN number. Then, in the configuration, we specify the range of ports. For example, from port 0 to 10, we have the Quality Department .From 20 to 15, or 20, we have the production Department. We need  to crate these ranges. Each one needs a name and an ID. This is what is called VLAN. Creating a VLAN within a LAN is called Inter- VLAN . We need to create it. We are in the configuration. This configuration is done on the switch. As mentioned before, we need to set up the IP address for the 24 computers. We can use public IP address or private IP addresses. The IP  addresses configuration is provided in the images below. You can read and understand it. This is how we create a V-lan. 

Computer router switch how to connect.

Fundamentals  of networking, focusing on the main devices used for communication.

Networking Devices:

The three most essential devices for network communication are the computer, the switch, and the router.

*Computer: This device serves as the source and destination for sending and receiving data. For example, if you went to view or send information, you will need a computer.

* Switch: This device connects multiple computers within a single network. A common model is a 24-port switch, which can connect up to 24 computers. Using a switch means all the connected computers are part of the same network, such as an Airtel or BSNL network. This setup is primarily used for communication within a local area network (LAN).

*Router: A router is used to connect two or more different networks. For instance, it allows an Airtel network and a BSNL network to communicate with each other. This enables file sharing and data transfer between computers on separate network.

How the Device connect

The logical and physical connection is as follows:

·         A computer is connected directly to a switch.

·         The switch is then connected to a router.

·         The router provides the connection to other networks.

 IP Address for Communication

For these devices to communicate, they need an IP address. There are two main methods for assigning IP addresses:

Static IP : You can manually set a private IP address for each devices.

·       Dynamic IP (DHCP): This us an automated method where a server automatically assigns an IP address to each device on the network. For example, if you have 100 automatically assign an IP to each one.

This enables communication within the local network and with other networks.

Overview Networking Cables:

Cables are essential in networking because they are used to transmit data from one medium to another. While wireless technology like WIFI-fi can transfer data over certain range, cables are necessary for long- distance da transmission, such as connecting different cites or contraries.

Types of Networking Cables

According to the speaker, there are two main types of networking cables

Coaxial Cable: This tows if cable is often used for shorter-distance networked like Local Area Networks (LAN) and Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN). There are two kinds of coxial cables:

·         Thin: Thse are flost and are commonly used for TV connections.

·         Thick: These are cables: have a central copper wire surrounded by a thick, round plastic shield.

·         Twisted Pair Cables: This types is used for LAN connectuions. It has color-coded copper wires twisted together. There are two types of twisted pair cables:

·         Shilded: Thse have plastic shield over the copper wires for added safety and security.

·         Unshielded: These do not have a protective shield and are therefore less secure.

·         Fiber Optical Cables: This type isused for transmitting data over very long distances, such as between states or contries. Fiber optic cables can be further categorized by how they transmit light singnals:

·         Single-mode: Data singnals travel in a single, strainght line form one device to another.

·         Multi-mode: Data singlals combine and travel faster in a zig-zag patterfn reachin the destination quickly. The speaker notes that multi-mode cables are the most commonly used.